Prose
今天美文看点：第一篇，爱的养料有时仅仅你的一句问候。第二篇，《德伯家的苔丝》梗概，哈代的这部小说不好理解，我大学里用了很长时间才啃完原著。第三篇，中国冬奥会。 重要通知：8月8日晚上7:30，（南京著名高校）首席国家注册心理咨询师-张老师将来苏派名师爱心授课群 264883904群直播讲座，并回答群里的家长们在孩子成长和学习上存在的心理问题。 老读者新读者，可以先加微信公共号（biaojienglish)关注,点击右上方“历史信息”关注前几期的。或加我的私人微信xuetang100。
Prose
时间是爱的养料
Express Your Love, Don’t Buy It
佚名／Anonymous
Many times, the small things in life, which we often ignore【ignore [ig′nor] v.不顾；不理；忽视】, are more important than the ones that we consider far more valuable. This theme is highlighted【highlight [′hailait] v.照亮；显著；使突出；强调】 in Kenny Rogers’ song“Buy Me a Rose”. In his song, he insists on the fact that the expression of love plays a significant【significant [sig′nifikənt] adj.重要的；重大的；可观的】role in a relationship. However, many people seem to ignore this fact and assume that love can be expressed through wealth and riches.
In his song, Kenny Rogers narrates【narrate [næ′reit] v.讲(故事)；叙述；给(电影等)作旁白】 the story of a wife whose husband loves her very much. However, she thinks that the way her husband shows her his love is not appropriate. According to her husband, the best way of showing his love to his wife is by providing her with all the wealth and comforts of life. Consequently【consequently [′kɔnsikwəntli] adv.所以；因此】, he works hard day and night and is thus not able to devote any of his time to her. His wife, however, argues that this is not what she wants. All she wants for him is to show her more affection by giving her more of his time, caring for her and by expressing【express [iks′pres] v.表达；陈述；表示】 his feelings for her. These are the things that she yearns for in her life and not the big, flashy things that he has given her.
“Buy me a rose, call me from work,
Open a door for me, what would it hurt?
Show me you love me by the look in your eyes,
These are the little things I need the most in my life.”
To her, these are all the things that can bring her maximum【maximum [′mæksiməm] adj.最大值的；最大量的】 joy and happiness. Although her husband loves her very much, his way of showing his love for her is creating distances between the two. And as time passes by, the distance keeps increasing.
This song expresses how we lead our lives in today’s world and how we think that it takes a lot to make a person happy. It is always the simple pleasures of life which make a difference. It is never the big and flashy things.
The main idea of“Buy Me a Rose”is that people who are closer to us deserve【deserve [di′zə:v] v.应受；该得】 more sincere expressions of our love, which may be found in smaller things in life. Spending time with them rather than spending money on them is a better way of expressing our love. We should learn to express our feelings than to show our love through material goods.
Express your love.
大多数时候，被我们忽略的许多生活小事，其实比我们自认为意义重大的事要重要得多。这一观点在肯尼•罗杰斯的歌曲《为我买朵玫瑰花》中表现得淋漓尽致。歌中他坚信一个事实，表达爱意在男女关系的发展中起着重要作用，然而很多人对此却不以为然，认为爱可以通过金钱和财富来表达。
肯尼•罗杰斯在歌中叙述了这样一个故事：有一位妻子，她有一个深爱着她的丈夫，但她却始终不满意丈夫的示爱方式。在丈夫看来，让妻子拥有全部财富，过上安逸的生活就是最好的示爱方式。因此他夜以继日地工作，根本没有时间陪妻子。妻子抱怨说，这并不是她想要的，她只希望丈夫能多花点时间陪她、关心她、向她倾诉爱意。这就是她生活中的全部渴望，很平凡却细腻，与那些俗丽的物质毫无关系。
“买朵玫瑰花送给我，工作时打个电话给我，
为我打开一扇门，你会因此受伤吗？
用脉脉含情的眼神表达你对我的爱，
这些微不足道的事情却是我生活中最渴求的。”
对她来说，这些能给她带来最大的快乐和幸福。虽然丈夫很爱她，但他表达爱意的方式让两个人渐行渐远，而随着时间的推移，这一距离还将不断增加。
这首歌体现了我们现在的生活方式，说出了我们的心声：让一个人幸福需要付出诸多代价。生活的改善往往源于简单朴素的欢愉，而绝非复杂的奢华之物。
《为我买朵玫瑰花》的主旨就是，我们身边的爱人需要我们以更加真诚的方式向他们表达爱意，而这些方式恰恰缘于生活中的许多小事。多抽时间陪他们比为他们花钱更能表达我们的爱意。我们应当学会用语言和行动来表达自己的感情，而不要让爱的表达流于物质。
大声说出你的爱吧。
心灵小语
买朵玫瑰花送给我，工作时打个电话给我，为我打开一扇门，用脉脉含情的眼神表达你对我的爱，这些微不足道的事情却是我生活中最渴求的。
Literatue
德伯家的苔丝
〔英〕托马斯•哈代原著
鲁斯•麦卡尔 缩写
托马斯•哈代，可能是当代最富有观察力、造诣最深的小说家，1840年6月2日生于英格兰的多塞特郡，1928年1月11日去世。他年轻时博览群书，一心想成为一个诗人。但是作为伦敦一位建筑师的助手，他学习和从事的是建筑，还获得过一次设计奖。他的小说结构的匀称和充实，恐怕多少要归功于他在建筑学上的训练。
[1] "GOOD morning, * Sir John."2 The bewilderment of a dusty, threadbare peddler thus addressed was speedily converted into a majestic pride upon learning that he, John Durbeyfield of Marlott,3 was actually * a lineal descendant4 of the noble family of D'Urberville.
“早晨好，约翰爵士。”这样的称呼使马洛特村那位满身尘土、衣着褴褛的小贩约翰•德比菲尔感到莫名其妙，但当他得知自己实际上是贵族德伯家的嫡系后裔时，顿时变得高傲起来。
[2] And * no sooner had Joan, his handsome, shallow-minded wife, the easy-going mother of his many children, heard of her exalted estate than her romantic soul began secretly to devise a brilliant and fitting alliance5 for her beautiful young daughter. To which end Tess was artfully * prevailed upon6 to seek work in a wealthy upstart family of the * same illustrious name.7
〔2〕他的妻子琼是一个健壮、浅薄的女人，也是孩子们随和的母亲。当她一听说自己高贵的地位时，便立刻想入非非，暗自打算为她的年轻漂亮的女儿找一个显赫、门当户对的婆家。为了达到这个目的，她花言巧语地说服女儿苔丝到同宗的一个暴发户家去找工作。
[3] And so the innocent child, whose single-minded desire was to mend the broken fortunes of her family, became poultrykeeper for a blind old woman of spurious title8 and ultimate prey for her son, a dissolute wretch, young Alec D'Urberville. After a while back to Marlott came the disillusioned girl, where she lived in a gray seclusion until her wizened little baby's death.
〔3〕于是，这个天真单纯的女孩子一心一意地想改变她的家庭破落的命运，便成为一个冒牌贵族的瞎老婆子的家禽看养人，并最终成为瞎老婆子的那个年轻、放荡的流氓儿子亚历克的牺牲品。不久，这个幻想破灭的少女回到了马洛特村，阴郁地单独生活着，直到她那幼小干瘦的婴儿死去。
[4] But after several bitter years of heart-searching,9 Tess determined to leave home again—this time to be dairymaid at Talbothays, a large, fertile farm in the valley of the Great Dairies. And here, too, was a young man, the youngest son of a stern and zealous divine of the old school. Angel Clare had sadly disappointed his father, first by nonconformist views and then by sincere scruples against * taking orders.10 So now, in process of becoming * gentleman farmer,11 he was specializing at various farms. Cultured, idealistic, sympathetic, he seemed to Tess a demigod, and though she had sworn herself to celibacy,12 the enforced propinquity13 ripened into intimacy and * drifted into14 love. Together they went afield in the wondrous dewy dawns and the warm summer afternoons found them making butter and cheese in the cool, white dairy-house. The birds sang for them and for them the stars shone, and the whole verdant valley, teeming with richness and increase, gave up its odorous vapors. Young, happy, pagan-hearted, the universe was theirs. Her quick mind grew in contact with his, and her warm, rich voice lost its country speech and unconsciously adopted his cultured accents.
〔4〕但是，通过几年痛苦的内心反省，苔丝决定再次离家，来到塔布塞斯当牛奶场女工。这是大牛奶场山谷里的一个肥沃的大农场。这里也有一个年轻人，他名叫安吉尔•克莱，是一位严厉而热情的守旧派牧师的小儿子。安吉尔•克莱使他的父亲十分失望，先是他不信奉国教的观点，后来又顾虑重重，不愿意当牧师。所以现在，他在成为乡绅的过程中，对各种农场进行专门研究。他有教养，有理想，富有同情心，在苔丝看来，他是像神一样的人。虽然她曾发誓不嫁，但是由于工作上不得不和他接近，他们逐渐亲密了起来，苔丝终于坠入情网。多少个美妙的、带着露水的黎明，他们一同走在田野上；多少个暖洋洋的夏日午后，他们同在凉爽的白色牛奶房里搅黄油，做乳酪，小鸟为他们歌唱，群星为他们闪烁，郁郁葱葱的山谷到处呈现出丰饶与生机，散发着香喷喷的雾气。年轻，快活，不信教，全世界都属于他们。她伶俐的芳心逐渐和他的心贴近，她温柔圆润的嗓子没有了乡土语言，不知不觉地采用他那种有教养的语调。
[5] Tess's spector loomed but vaguely now, until love's honest declaration brought her to poignant realization of her situation in this man-made world. But all withdrawals were overcome by Clare's gentle insistence; all attempts at revelation were lightly thwarted. Finally, within a week of the wedding-day which she had reluctantly set, her * resolution takes shape15 in writing—a four-page confession is breathlessly thrust under his door. Ironically concealed under the carpet it lies until Tess, with a sudden late intuition on her wedding morn, discovers its hiding-place and tears it up. In a lumbering old relic of coach days (symbolic of an ancient D'Urberville legend of crime) Tess and Angel are carried to church, and upon their final departure a white cock crows thrice. "An afternoon crow," and the dairy folk shake their heads at the * evil omen.16
〔5〕苔丝心里有鬼但现在却变得模糊了，直到爱情真挚的表白才使她尖刻地意识到她在这个男人的世界里所处的境遇。但是她每次往后退缩都在克莱的温情坚持下失败了；她所有想表白的企图都被轻轻地阻止了。最后，在她勉强订下的婚期前的那个礼拜里，她下决心写了一封四页长的自白信，慌慌张张地塞进他的门下。谁知这封信像捉弄人似地被塞到了地毯下面去了，直到举行婚礼的清晨，苔丝突然产生一种直觉，发现了信的所在，因已经晚了，她就将它撕了。苔丝和安吉尔坐进一辆大马车时代笨重的老古董（老德伯家族罪孽传说的象征）里，来到了教堂。在他们最后离去时，一只白公鸡啼了三次。“下午的鸡啼”，牛奶场的人们都为这个凶兆直摇头。
[6] To an old farm-house—a derelict of an ancient D'Urberville mansion—in ready range of a model mill, Clare, with a sense of the practical and the romantic, takes his lovely bride. From the paneled wall outside her door two old D'Urberville portraits gleam evilly and Clare and Tess shiver as they trace a subtle17 likeness to her own in the malignant yet noble features. Before the glowing fire the adoring bridegroom, * his wife's hand clasped in his,18 tells the story of his one aberration, of his forty-eight hours' dissipation with a * Scarlet Woman,19 and confidently craves her pardon, which Tess is * only too20 delighted to grant; and, with the first real gleam of hope, unfolds her own sad story....
〔6〕克莱既讲究实际又充满了浪漫之情，把他的可爱的新娘带到一间旧的农舍里。这里是古老的德伯宅邸的弃屋，位于一家标准的磨坊附近。镶嵌在她的房门外墙壁上的两幅老德伯家族的肖像闪着不祥的幽光，克莱和苔丝发现肖像中邪恶却又高贵的鼻、眼，看得出与苔丝有微妙的相似之处时，不禁感到不寒而栗。在灼热的炉火前，新郎怀着敬慕的心情紧紧握着妻子的手，叙说他曾与一个淫妇鬼混过48小时的越轨行为。他满怀信心地恳求她的宽恕，她非常高兴地应允了，并在心里升起一线真正的希望之光，说出了自己悲痛的经历。
[7] The wanton action of a man of maturity—the deceived innocence of an ignorant child! And yet, the man cannot forgive the woman! All the rigid rule of his forebears, all the domination of an unjust social order, grip him. Angel Clare, the prophet of emancipation, no longer exists. For several days they lead a formal, isolated existence. Tess, whose sole wish is to please her idol, * acquiesces in21 his attitude, and, after a first wild outburst at the injustice, does nothing to exonerate22 herself, and her one chance for reinstatement is blighted by the mocking witness of the vindictive portraits. No chaste-minded, unsophisticated peasant maid she, but the last dregs of a decadent stock! A separation, temporary at least, is decided upon, and while Clare rages afar, Tess again creeps home. Joan, after the first bitter reproaches for the mad disobedience of her repeated injunctions of secrecy, treats the affair with her usual fatalistic lightheartedness; but the harsh words of the father in a drunken moment of excessive ancestral pride cause a dignified departure with the conciliatory donation of half her * means of subsistence23 and the intimation that she is rejoining her husband.
〔7〕一个是成年男子放荡的行径，一个是无知少女天真的受骗！然而这个男子却不能原谅这个女子！父辈的严峻的法规，不公平的社会制度，把他牢牢地控制住了。宣扬人类解放的安吉尔•克莱不复存在了。一连几天，他们过着貌合神离的生活。苔丝惟一的愿望就是要取悦她所崇拜的人，从而默许了他的态度。苔丝第一次对这种不公平的遭遇作了猛烈的发泄以后，也就没有再做任何努力，来为自己开脱辩解。两幅凶光毕露的肖像那嘲弄人的神色扼杀了她与他言归于好的机会。她不再是思想纯洁、天真无邪的农家少女，而是堕落家族的残渣余孽。他们决定分手，至少是暂时地，克莱悻悻远去，苔丝又悄悄地回到家里。琼先是痛骂女儿愚蠢，不听从她不可泄漏秘密的一再告诫，然后又采取听天由命、漫不经心的态度来对待这件事。但父亲在一次酒后的刺耳话语中说了一些有关家世过分骄矜的话，使苔丝傲然离开了家。她把自己一半的生活费留给父母以安抚他们，并暗示他们她要去找丈夫团聚。
[8] Determined, however, to make no appeal to Clare's family, Tess easily finds summer employment among the farms; but with the coming of winter and too lavish contributions to her family's support, privation * stares her in the face.24 Day after day she wanders on until at length on the high, chalky table-lands,25 in a great drab field of desolation, she finds the meanest, most arduous of tasks rendered tenfold difficult by a churlish26 boor of an employer in all the rancor of an ancient * grudge against27 her. In the stinging rain and the chilling snow she toils unceasingly, uncomplainingly, living wholly in the hope of her husband's return. Songs that he loved she practices, the sweet, gay notes contrasting sadly with her tragic lips and great, sorrowing eyes. At length, distraught28 by the continued silence, she bravely decides to seek news of him from his parents, and walks the long, tremulous miles to Emminister Vicarage.29 Of rare spiritual as well as physical endowments, she would have undoubtedly received a welcome * at the hands of30 the benevolent old clergyman and his wife, but an empty house reverberates to her knocking, and while she unobtrusively awaits their return from church she overhears a wayside conversation between Angel's two exemplary brothers that sends her homeward with rended heart.
〔8〕然而苔丝下定决心，无论如何也不去克莱家求助。夏天，她很容易在农场找到工作；可是冬天一来，加上她给家里过多的生活费，她面临贫困艰难的处境。一天又一天，她漫无目标地流浪，最后来到一个白垩高地，在一大片死气沉沉的荒地上，她找到了最低下的、最艰苦的活。雇主是一个苛刻粗暴的乡下佬，他怀着旧有的怨恨，对苔丝非常憎恶，这给苔丝更增添了十倍的困难。冷雨如针、寒雪刺骨，她不停地、毫无怨言地做着苦工，完全生活在丈夫将会回来这一希望之中。她唱着他喜爱的歌曲，甜蜜欢快的音调与她凄凉的嘴角和伤心的大眼睛形成了悲哀的对照。最后，音信的渺茫使苔丝心急如焚。她鼓起勇气，决定到克莱的父母那里去打听他的消息。她走过弯弯曲曲的远路，来到爱敏斯特牧师的住宅。苔丝天生来就具有罕见的心灵美又长得漂亮，本来毫无疑问会受到仁慈的老牧师和他的妻子的欢迎。但是她的敲门声引起的是空旷的回响。当她悄悄地等待他们从教堂归来时，她听到路边安吉尔的两个行为正派的哥哥的谈话，使她带着破碎的心往回家路上走去。
[9] The voice of a "ranter" triumphantly consigning a barnful of rustics to eternal damnation caused Tess to pause a moment in a doorway, and there on a platform of corn-bags, in sanctimonious sidewhiskers and semi-clerical blacks, stood Alec D'Urberville. Animalism had yielded to fanaticism and the bold, roving eye now gleamed with a ferocious righteousness. As she passed on down the lane31 he came after her, imploring forgiveness and offering redemption. Repulse after repulse failed to deter Alec, who persisted day by day, at first with a marriage license and holy words, and then, his former passion uncontrollably revived by Tess's compelling beauty, * his new-found religion dropped from him like a cloak, the convert disappeared,32 and all the arts of man and devil were employed to ensnare the girl. And poor, hopeless Tess, grinding on under a benumbing strain, was in more danger than her scorn of the man could realize. Finally her father's death, resulting in the eviction of her family from their home, precipitates Tess's doom, and as a last desperate reparation to her helpless mother and sisters she yields, with a fatalistic calm, to the inevitable.33
〔9〕一个口出狂言者得意扬扬地骂一仓房的庄稼汉万劫不复的声音使苔丝在仓房门口停了一会儿。那里麦包垒成的平台上站着亚历克•德伯，他留着假装神圣的络腮胡子，穿着半牧师式的黑服。他的兽欲变成狂热，转来转去的眼睛现在闪烁着十分正直的光芒。当她走到小路上时，他尾随而至，乞求她的宽恕，并答应给予补偿。苔丝一次又一次的严辞拒绝未能制止亚历克，他整天缠住苔丝，先是用结婚证书和神圣的誓言来说服她。接着，苔丝动人的美丽使他控制不住，又燃起了旧情。他新披的宗教外衣掉下来了，改恶从善的决心化为乌有。他用尽各种伎俩诱惑苔丝。可怜的绝望的苔丝，因为她的神经受过分劳累的折磨已近于麻木，一心鄙视这个男人，没有完全意识到自己处境的危险。最后，父亲的去世，全家被逐出家门，这件事终于决定了苔丝的命运。作为对无依无靠的母亲和妹妹们的最后无可挽救的补偿，她屈服了，以平静地听天由命的心情，走上了不可避免的道路。
[10] To Sandbourne, a gay watering-place,34 a melancholy specter35 of a man, wasted by illness and regret, comes in search of his lost bride, and in a fashionable boarding-house Clare finds Tess and learns the agonizing truth. Just beyond the town she overtook him, her eyes wild and trancelike, her whole body as if * bereft of36 soul and will. "I have killed him ... he taunted me ... he * called you by a foul name.37 ... I owed it to you and I owed it to myself. ... It came to me as a shining light that I should get you back that way."
〔10〕被疾病和悔恨折磨得衰弱不堪的克莱，像一个忧郁的幽灵，来到桑德邦这块风光明媚的海滨胜地，寻找他失去的新娘。他在一所时髦的寄宿舍里找到了苔丝，得悉令人痛苦的真情。就在市镇外边，苔丝追上了他，她的眼神狂乱恍惚，整个人像是失魂落魄的样子。“我杀了他……他辱骂我……他用下流的话骂你……为了你，也为了我自己，我才这么做……我突然想起来我这样做就能重新得到你。”
[11] With a final realization of the immensity of her love and the piteous plight it had brought upon her, Clare held out tender, protecting arms, and together they wandered through the untrodden ways like two children—the world and its retribution quite forgot.
〔11〕克莱终于理解到她那无边的爱和这悲惨的婚约给她带来的是什么。他张开了温柔的保护之臂。他们像两个孩子一样一同漫游在人迹未曾到过的道路上，完全忘记了世界和它的惩罚。
[12] For five days they continued in this idyllic state, and on the sixth night Tess half jestingly claimed sanctuary among the conspicuous ruins of the ancient pagan temple to the sun at Stonehenge.38 With the dawn came the guardians of the law, looming dark against the silvery horizon. In a grim, inexorable circle they waited until the sun's level rays, relentlessly * reminiscent of39 a bygone sacrificial day, fell full upon another victim, and Tess, deserted by all the gods, awoke. Quietly she faced her captors. "I am ready," she said.
〔12〕一连五天，他们处在这种牧歌一般的生活状态中。第六天晚上，在史前巨石群中的古代异教徒的太阳神神庙的著名废墟中，苔丝半开玩笑地说要在那里求庇护。黎明时，法律的卫士们来到了，银色的地平线上朦胧出现了他们的黑影。几个形成一个残酷无情的包围圈，等待着初升的阳光，这残忍地使人想到往昔的献祭日，现在完全落在又一个牺牲品的身上，被所有的天神遗弃了的苔丝醒了。她平静地面对着追捕者。“我准备好了，”她说。
[13] Eight metallic strokes shiver the morning air and from a nearby hill a stricken figure rivets involuntary eyes on the flag-staff of a sullen cage of a building. For Angel the prison where Tess is confined has at this fatal hour a deadly and significant fascination. Slowly, silently, a black square creeps up the pole and flutters chill against the morning sky.
〔13〕八下金属的敲击声在清晨的空气中颤抖，附近小山上的一个精神恍惚的人木然凝视着一座建筑物的一间阴沉的牢房上的旗杆。对安吉尔来说，关押苔丝的监牢，在这个生死攸关的时刻，具有非常的、意义重大的吸引力。一面黑色的方旗缓缓无声地爬上了旗杆，在早晨的天空中冷飕飕地颤抖。
[14] Tess, * more sinned against than sinning,40 has paid the great penalty.
〔14〕受犯罪者的伤害更甚于自己犯罪的苔丝被处以极刑。
Notes
1．Tess是女人的名字，即本书女主人公Tess Durbeyfield。D是法语de的缩写，相当于英语的of，在欧洲封建社会中，把de放在贵族的封地地名之前来表示贵族的姓氏，后来这种带有de的姓氏就被认为是贵族。Tess是个聪明、美丽、纯朴、善良的农村姑娘，在D'Urberville [ˈdəːbəvil] 太太家中认识了她的儿子Alec，失身后远去南方一个牛奶场谋生，真心爱上了Angel Clare，但Angel却因她的污点而把她遗弃了。后来她勉强成为Alec的妻子，可是在Angel再来找她时，她因痛苦绝望而杀死了Alec。，而成为万恶的资本主义社会的牺牲品。
2．Sir一词在英国习惯称为爵士，用在姓名或名字前面，不用在姓前。
3．[ˈmɑːlət]，哈代小说中地名有真有假，但都以实在的地方为根据。Marlott相当于离英国Salisbury六英里的Marnhull村。
4．直系后裔。
5．no sooner ... than相当于as soon as，意为一…就…。
6．说服；劝说；诱使。
7．指贵族德伯家（D'Urberville），故译为同宗。
8．有贵族头衔的人。
9．n. 内心的反省；对自己感情的检查。
10．当牧师。orders在这里意为牧师职。
11．以经营农场为消遣的乡绅；从事农业的贵族。
12．[ˈselibəsi] 独身（生活）；贞洁。
13．[prəˈpiŋkwiti]（时间的）接近；迫切。
14．不知不觉地陷入。
15．下决心。take shape 成形；形成；具体化。
16．凶兆。
17．精细的；微妙的。
18．分词独立结构，= his wife's hand was clasped in his hand.
19．= whore 娼妓；淫妇。
20．= very. 并不是不；非常。
21．勉强同意；默许。acquiesce [ˌækwiˈes]。
22．[iɡˈzɔnəreit] 证明…无罪；开释；昭雪。
23．生计；生活费。
24．stare sb. in the face 迫在眉睫；（死、不幸等）就在眼前；（事实等）摆在面前，明明白白。
25．= a large area of high flat land. 高原；台地。
26．= bad-tempered.
27．对…怀恨，对…嫉妒。
28．[disˈtrɔːt] 异常激动的；心神错乱的。
29．[ˈvikəridʒ] 英国教区牧师的住宅（或俸禄，职位）。
30．= at sb.'s hands. 在某人手下；出自某人之手。suffer cruel exploitation at the hands of the capitalists 受资本家残酷剥削。
31．篱笆之间的小道。
32．这时Alec在Angel的父亲的感化下也成了牧师。
33．指不可避免地答应Alec的请求。
34．这里指海水浴场，意即海滨胜地。
35．= ghosts.
36．使失去（希望、理智等）。bereft [biˈreft] 是bereave的过去式和过去分词。
37．call sb. names 谩骂某人。foul 语言下流的；a foul language, a foul tongue 下流话。
38．[ˈstəunhendʒ] 英国Salisbury北十英里平原上的史前巨石柱群，现已残缺，只有16根立柱，五条横梁，估计原来是两层的石柱圆坛。
39．使人联想起。reminiscent [ˌremiˈnisnt]
40．别人负己甚于己负别人；受到过于严厉的惩罚。这整句的意思是说传统的偏见和伪善社会的受害者，，从而无情地鞭挞和暴露了资本主义制度的残酷和不公平。
News
BBC-费用估计15亿美元，国际奥委会另外贡献8.8亿美元
BBC-estimated costs of $1.5bn with additional $880m contribution from IOC
BBC news - Beijing has been chosen to host the 2022 Winter Olympics and Paralympics, beating the bid of Kazakhstan's Almaty.
Beijing and Almaty were considered outsiders when the 2022 bid race opened two years ago.
But after a host of European cities withdrew for political or financial reasons, the Chinese bid beat Almaty by 44 votes to 40 with one abstention.
Having hosted the 2008 Olympics, the Chinese capital will be the first city to host both a summer and winter Games.
The International Olympic Committee (IOC) said that Beijing was awarded the Games because it fitted its new agenda for a "stronger focus on sustainability, legacy, and transparency".
Despite the IOC estimating costs for "Olympic villages, sports venues and other infrastructure" would be $1.5bn, it said Beijing "will rely heavily on existing venues, including those built for the Games in 2008".
The statement continued: "Thanks to an additional contribution from the IOC of approximately $880m to support the staging of the Olympic Winter Games in 2022, Beijing is confident that it will either break even or make a profit."
The 2014 Winter Olympics in Sochi, Russia, were estimated to have cost $51bn, making it the most expensive Olympics in history.
北京被选为2022冬季奥运会暨残奥会的主办城市，击败哈萨克斯坦首都阿拉木图。
当2年前开始申办2022的主办权时，北京和阿拉木图均被认为是局外人。
，中国以44对40票1票弃权击败了阿拉木图。
在主办过2008奥运会之后，中国首都将成为第一个主办过夏季和冬季奥运会的城市。
国际奥委会说，北京被授予本次冬奥会的主办权，是因为符合其“更加强调可持续性、遗产和透明度”的日程。
尽管国际奥委会估计“奥运村、运动场馆和其它基础设施”花费将超过15亿美元，但它表示北京“将大力依靠现有场馆，包括为2008奥运会建造的设施。”
声明继续表示“由于国际奥委会将另外贡献8.8亿美元支持2022冬奥会的举行，北京相信将可实现盈亏持平，甚至盈利。”
俄罗斯索契主办的2014冬奥会估计花去510亿美元，成为史上最昂贵的奥运会。
(原文选自BBC新闻）