A Song of Ice and Fire（冰与火之歌） is a series of epic（[ˈepɪk] 史诗） fantasy novels by the American novelist and screenwriter George R. R. Martin（乔治·马丁，也叫坑神马丁）.
He began the first volume of the series, A Game of Thrones（《权力的游戏》）, in 1991 and had it published in 1996.
Martin, who initially envisioned（[ɪnˈvɪʒn] 想象，预见） the series as a trilogy, has published five out of a planned seven volumes.
The fifth and most recent volume of the series published in 2011, A Dance with Dragons（《魔龙的狂舞》）, took Martin five years to write.
He is still writing the sixth novel, The Winds of Winter（《凛冬的寒风》）.
A Song of Ice and Fire takes place on the fictional continents Westeros and Essos（维斯特洛和厄索斯大陆）. The point of view of each chapter in the story is a limited perspective of a range of characters growing from nine, in the first novel, to thirty-one by the fifth.
Three main stories interweave a dynastic war among several families for control of Westeros, the rising threat of the supernatural Others（异鬼） in the northernmost reaches of Westeros, and the ambition of Daenerys Targaryen（丹妮莉丝·坦格利安）, the deposed（被罢免的） king's exiled（[eg' dau[eg'zaɪld]ghter, to assume the Iron Throne（铁王座）.
Martin's inspirations included the Wars of the Roses（玫瑰战争，1455年─1485年，是英王爱德华三世的两支后裔：兰开斯特家族和约克家族的支持者为了争夺英格兰王位而发生断续的内战） and the French historical novels The Accursed Kings by Maurice Druon.
A Song of Ice and Fire received praise for its diverse portrayal of women and religion, as well as its realism.
An assortment of disparate and subjective points of view confronts the reader, and the success or survival of point of view characters is never assured. Within the often morally ambiguous world of A Song of Ice and Fire, questions concerning loyalty, pride, human sexuality, piety, and the morality of violence frequently arise.
As of April 2015, the books have sold more than 60 million copies worldwide and, as of January 2017, have been translated into 47 languages.
The fourth and fifth volumes reached the top of The New York Times Best Seller lists upon their releases.
Among the many derived works are several prequel（[ˈpri:kwəl] 先行篇，前篇） novellas, a TV series, a comic book adaptation, and several card, board, and video games.
The Lord of the Rings（《魔戒》） is an epic high-fantasy novel written by English author J. R. R. Tolkien（托尔金）. The story began as a sequel（[ˈsi:kwəl] 续集） to Tolkien's 1937 fantasy novel The Hobbit（《霍比特人》）, but eventually developed into a much larger work.
Written in stages between 1937 and 1949, The Lord of the Rings is one of the best-selling novels ever written, with over 150 million copies sold.
The title of the novel refers to the story's main antagonist（[ænˈtægənɪst] 反派，敌人）, the Dark Lord Sauron（黑暗大君索伦）, who had in an earlier age created the One Ring to rule the other Rings of Power as the ultimate weapon in his campaign to conquer and rule all of Middle-earth（中土世界）.
From quiet beginnings in the Shire（夏尔郡）, a hobbit land not unlike the English countryside, the story ranges across Middle-earth, following the course of the War of the Ring（魔戒之战） through the eyes of its characters, not only the hobbits Frodo Baggins（弗罗多·巴金斯）, Samwise "Sam" Gamgee（山姆卫斯·詹吉）, Meriadoc "Merry" Brandybuck（梅里雅达克·烈酒鹿） and Peregrin "Pippin" Took（皮瑞格林·图克）, but also the hobbits' chief allies and travelling companions: the Men Aragorn son of Arathorn, a Ranger of the North, and Boromir, a Captain of Gondor; Gimli son of Glóin, a Dwarf warrior; Legolas Greenleaf（莱戈拉斯·绿叶）, an Elven prince; and Gandalf（甘道夫）, a Wizard.
The work was initially intended by Tolkien to be one volume of a two-volume set, the other to be The Silmarillion, but this idea was dismissed by his publisher.
For economic reasons The Lord of the Rings was published in three volumes over the course of a year from 29 July 1954 to 20 October 1955.
The three volumes were titled The Fellowship of the Ring（《魔戒再现》）, The Two Towers（《双塔奇兵》）, and The Return of the King（《王者无敌》）.
The Lord of the Rings in its turn is considered to have had a great effect on modern fantasy; the impact of Tolkien's works is such that the use of the words "Tolkienian" and "Tolkienesque" have been recorded in the Oxford English Dictionary.
The enduring popularity of The Lord of the Rings has led to numerous references in popular culture, the founding of many societies by fans of Tolkien's works, and the publication of many books about Tolkien and his works. The Lord of the Rings has inspired, and continues to inspire, artwork, music, films and television, video games, and subsequent literature.
Award-winning adaptations of The Lord of the Rings have been made for radio, theatre, and film.
In 2003, it was named Britain's best-loved novel of all time in the BBC's The Big Read.
The Wheel of Time（《时光之轮》） is a series of high fantasy novels written by American author James Oliver Rigney, Jr. under his pen name of Robert Jordan（罗伯特·乔丹）.
Originally planned as a six-book series, The Wheel of Time spanned fourteen volumes, in addition to a prequel novel and a companion book. Jordan began writing the first volume, The Eye of the World（《世界之眼》）, in 1984, and it was published in January, 1990.
The author died in 2007 while working on what was planned to be the twelfth and final volume in the series. He prepared extensive notes so another author could complete the book according to his wishes. Fellow fantasy author and long-time Wheel of Time fan Brandon Sanderson was brought in to complete the final book, but during the writing process it was decided that the book would be far too large to be published in one volume and would instead be published as three volumes: The Gathering Storm（《末日风暴》）, Towers of Midnight（《午夜之塔》）, and A Memory of Light（《光之回忆》）.
The series draws on numerous elements of both European and Asian mythology, most notably the cyclical nature of time found in Buddhism and Hinduism（印度教）, the metaphysical concepts of balance and duality, and a respect for nature found in Daoism（道家思想）.
The Wheel of Time is notable for its length, its detailed imaginary world, its well-developed magic system, and its large cast of characters.
The eighth through fourteenth books each reached number one on the New York Times Best Seller list.
After its completion, the series was nominated for a Hugo Award（雨果奖）.
As of 2015 the series has sold 80 million copies worldwide and spawned（[spɔ:n] 引起，造成） an eponymous（[ɪˈpɒnɪməs] 齐名的） video game, roleplaying game, and soundtrack album.
It was announced on April 20, 2017 that Sony Pictures is to adapt the series for television.